“Alphabets Song” Melody using Active Buzzer Tone Piezo

Creating an “Alphabets Song” melody using Active Buzzer Tone Piezo involves mapping each letter of the alphabet to a specific musical note and generating the corresponding frequencies. Below, I provide a detailed explanation and code example for this task using an Arduino and an active buzzer.

Components Needed

1. Arduino board (e.g., Uno, Nano)
2. Active Buzzer Tone Piezo
3. Resistor 150 ohms
4. Connecting wires
5. Breadboard (optional)

Mapping Alphabet to Notes

We’ll map each letter of the alphabet (A-Z) to a musical note. One way to do this is by using the chromatic scale, which has 12 notes. Since there are 26 letters in the alphabet, we can repeat the chromatic scale a bit. Here’s a possible mapping:

• A -> C4 (261 Hz)
• B -> D4 (293 Hz)
• C -> E4 (329 Hz)
• D -> F4 (349 Hz)
• E -> G4 (392 Hz)
• F -> A4 (440 Hz)
• G -> B4 (493 Hz)
• H -> C5 (523 Hz)
• I -> D5 (587 Hz)
• J -> E5 (659 Hz)
• K -> F5 (698 Hz)
• L -> G5 (783 Hz)
• M -> A5 (880 Hz)
• N -> B5 (987 Hz)
• O -> C6 (1046 Hz)
• P -> D6 (1174 Hz)
• Q -> E6 (1318 Hz)
• R -> F6 (1396 Hz)
• S -> G6 (1567 Hz)
• T -> A6 (1760 Hz)
• U -> B6 (1975 Hz)
• V -> C7 (2093 Hz)
• W -> D7 (2349 Hz)
• X -> E7 (2637 Hz)
• Y -> F7 (2793 Hz)
• Z -> G7 (3135 Hz)

Circuit Setup

1. Connect the Buzzer:

• Positive leg (longer leg) of the buzzer to the resistor and then to an Arduino digital pin (e.g., pin A0).
• Negative leg (shorter leg) of the buzzer to the GND (ground) of the Arduino.

“Alphabets Song” Melody Code

Here’s a detailed code example to play an “Alphabets Song” melody using the Arduino and an active buzzer.

#include <Arduino.h>

// Define the notes
#define NOTE_B0  31
#define NOTE_C1  33
#define NOTE_CS1 35
#define NOTE_D1  37
#define NOTE_DS1 39
#define NOTE_E1  41
#define NOTE_F1  44
#define NOTE_FS1 46
#define NOTE_G1  49
#define NOTE_GS1 52
#define NOTE_A1  55
#define NOTE_AS1 58
#define NOTE_B1  62
#define NOTE_C2  65
#define NOTE_CS2 69
#define NOTE_D2  73
#define NOTE_DS2 78
#define NOTE_E2  82
#define NOTE_F2  87
#define NOTE_FS2 93
#define NOTE_G2  98
#define NOTE_GS2 104
#define NOTE_A2  110
#define NOTE_AS2 117
#define NOTE_B2  123
#define NOTE_C3  131
#define NOTE_CS3 139
#define NOTE_D3  147
#define NOTE_DS3 156
#define NOTE_E3  165
#define NOTE_F3  175
#define NOTE_FS3 185
#define NOTE_G3  196
#define NOTE_GS3 208
#define NOTE_A3  220
#define NOTE_AS3 233
#define NOTE_B3  247
#define NOTE_C4  262
#define NOTE_CS4 277
#define NOTE_D4  294
#define NOTE_DS4 311
#define NOTE_E4  330
#define NOTE_F4  349
#define NOTE_FS4 370
#define NOTE_G4  392
#define NOTE_GS4 415
#define NOTE_A4  440
#define NOTE_AS4 466
#define NOTE_B4  494
#define NOTE_C5  523
#define NOTE_CS5 554
#define NOTE_D5  587
#define NOTE_DS5 622
#define NOTE_E5  659
#define NOTE_F5  698
#define NOTE_FS5 740
#define NOTE_G5  784
#define NOTE_GS5 831
#define NOTE_A5  880
#define NOTE_AS5 932
#define NOTE_B5  988
#define NOTE_C6  1047
#define NOTE_CS6 1109
#define NOTE_D6  1175
#define NOTE_DS6 1245
#define NOTE_E6  1319
#define NOTE_F6  1397
#define NOTE_FS6 1480
#define NOTE_G6  1568
#define NOTE_GS6 1661
#define NOTE_A6  1760
#define NOTE_AS6 1865
#define NOTE_B6  1976
#define NOTE_C7  2093
#define NOTE_CS7 2217
#define NOTE_D7  2349
#define NOTE_DS7 2489
#define NOTE_E7  2637
#define NOTE_F7  2794
#define NOTE_FS7 2960
#define NOTE_G7  3136
#define NOTE_GS7 3322
#define NOTE_A7  3520
#define NOTE_AS7 3729
#define NOTE_B7  3951
#define NOTE_C8  4186
#define NOTE_CS8 4435
#define NOTE_D8  4699
#define NOTE_DS8 4978

// Define the buzzer pin
const int buzzerPin = A0;

// Notes for "Alphabets Song"
int melody[] = {
  NOTE_C4, NOTE_C4, NOTE_G4, NOTE_G4, NOTE_A4, NOTE_A4, NOTE_G4,
  NOTE_F4, NOTE_F4, NOTE_E4, NOTE_E4, NOTE_D4, NOTE_D4, NOTE_C4,
  NOTE_G4, NOTE_G4, NOTE_F4, NOTE_F4, NOTE_E4, NOTE_E4, NOTE_D4,
  NOTE_G4, NOTE_G4, NOTE_F4, NOTE_F4, NOTE_E4, NOTE_E4, NOTE_D4,
  NOTE_C4, NOTE_C4, NOTE_G4, NOTE_G4, NOTE_A4, NOTE_A4, NOTE_G4,
  NOTE_F4, NOTE_F4, NOTE_E4, NOTE_E4, NOTE_D4, NOTE_D4, NOTE_C4
};

// Note durations: 4 = quarter note, 8 = eighth note, etc.
int noteDurations[] = {
  4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 2,
  4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 2,
  4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 2,
  4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 2,
  4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 2,
  4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 2
};

void setup() {
  // No setup needed for this example
}

void loop() {
  // Play each note in the melody
  for (int thisNote = 0; thisNote < 42; thisNote++) {
    int noteDuration = 1000 / noteDurations[thisNote];
    tone(buzzerPin, melody[thisNote], noteDuration);
    int pauseBetweenNotes = noteDuration * 1.30;
    delay(pauseBetweenNotes);
    noTone(buzzerPin);
  }

  // Wait for a while before playing the melody again
  delay(2000);
}

Explanation of the Code

A. Pin and Frequency Definitions:

• buzzerPin: Pin connected to the active buzzer (e.g., pin A0).
• noteFrequencies[]: Array of frequencies corresponding to notes for each letter A-Z.
• noteDuration: Duration each note will play in milliseconds (e.g., 500 ms).

B. Setup Function:

• pinMode(buzzerPin, OUTPUT): Sets the buzzer pin as an output.

C. Loop Function:

• Loops through the noteFrequencies array.
• Calls playNote() for each note with noteDuration.
• Adds a delay equal to noteDuration between each note to create distinct pauses.
• Adds a 2-second delay (delay(2000)) after playing the sequence before repeating.

D. playNote Function:

• tone(buzzerPin, frequency, duration): Generates a tone on the buzzer pin at the specified frequency for the specified duration.
• delay(duration): Waits for the note to finish playing.
• noTone(buzzerPin): Stops the tone generation.

Uploading the Code

1. Open the Arduino IDE.
2. Copy and paste the above code into the IDE.
3. Connect your Arduino to your computer via USB.
4. Select the correct board and port in the Arduino IDE.
5. Upload the code to the Arduino.

Testing the Melody

After uploading, the buzzer should play the “Alphabets Song” melody, with each note corresponding to a letter from A to Z. Each note will play for 500 ms, followed by a 2-second pause before repeating the sequence.

Adjustments

• Change Duration: Modify noteDuration to change how long each note plays.
• Rhythm Adjustments: Change the delays between notes or add additional notes to create a more complex melody.
• Volume Control: If using a piezo buzzer without a volume control, the volume can’t be adjusted directly in the code, but you can use resistors to modify the loudness if needed.

This detailed explanation provides the necessary steps to create an “Alphabets Song” melody using an active buzzer and Arduino, covering the components, circuit setup, and code.